America Is Hard to See
May 1–Sept 27, 2015
Drawn entirely from the Whitney Museum of American Art’s collection, America Is Hard to See takes the inauguration of the Museum’s new building as an opportunity to reexamine the history of art in the United States from the beginning of the twentieth century to the present. Comprising more than six hundred works, the exhibition elaborates the themes, ideas, beliefs, and passions that have galvanized American artists in their struggle to work within and against established conventions, often directly engaging their political and social contexts. Numerous pieces that have rarely, if ever, been shown appear alongside beloved icons in a conscious effort to unsettle assumptions about the American art canon.
The title, America Is Hard to See, comes from a poem by Robert Frost and a political documentary by Emile de Antonio. Metaphorically, the title seeks to celebrate the ever-changing perspectives of artists and their capacity to develop visual forms that respond to the culture of the United States. It also underscores the difficulty of neatly defining the country’s ethos and inhabitants, a challenge that lies at the heart of the Museum’s commitment to and continually evolving understanding of American art.
Organized chronologically, the exhibition’s narrative is divided into twenty- three thematic “chapters” installed throughout the building. These sections revisit and revise established tropes while forging new categories and even expanding the definition of who counts as an American artist. Indeed, each chapter takes its name not from a movement or style but from the title of a work that evokes the section’s animating impulse. Works of art across all mediums are displayed together, acknowledging the ways in which artists have engaged various modes of production and broken the boundaries between them.
America Is Hard to See reflects the Whitney’s distinct record of acquisitions and exhibitions, which constitutes a kind of collective memory—one that represents a range of individual, sometimes conflicting, attitudes toward what American art might be or mean or do at any given moment. By simultaneously mining and questioning our past, we do not arrive at a comprehensive survey or tidy summation, but rather at a critical new beginning: the first of many stories still to tell.
America Is Hard to See is organized by a team of Whitney curators, led by Donna De Salvo, Chief Curator and Deputy Director for Programs, including Carter E. Foster, Steven and Ann Ames Curator of Drawing; Dana Miller, Curator of the Permanent Collection; and Scott Rothkopf, Nancy and Steve Crown Family Curator and Associate Director of Programs; with Jane Panetta, Assistant Curator; Catherine Taft, Assistant Curator; and Mia Curran, Curatorial Assistant.
Sponsored by
Get Rid of Yourself
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The two alternating programs on view in this chapter respond to the shifting cultural and political climate of America’s recent past. Program A presents works that cleverly engage forms of popular entertainment, advertising, music, dance, and technology. Works by artists such as Alex Bag, Tony Oursler, and Ryan Trecartin reflect a post-MTV era of lo-fi visual effects and disjointed editing, while those by Loretta Fahrenholz, Luis Gispert, and Jacolby Satterwhite use slick techniques to picture a remixed, science-fiction inflected future.
Program B is organized around politically driven works, which deal with themes including mass media’s role in shaping social and cultural consciousness; the politics of race, gender, and sexual identity; and the potential perils of global capitalism. Get Rid of Yourself, a video by the artist collective Bernadette Corporation, takes the anarchist protests at the 2001 G8 summit in Genoa, Italy, as an opportunity to examine decentralized, anonymous political resistance and its rhetoric. The protesters’ call to “get rid of yourself” speaks to the futility of individual action and the general feeling of instability at the beginning of the new millennium (something that was heightened when the artists were editing the video in the aftermath of the 9/11 terrorist attacks). Videos by artists like Tala Madani and Richard Serra confront us with their candor, while works by Kevin Jerome Everson, Sharon Hayes, and Wu Tsang address history and memory from more personal perspectives.
These two programs alternate and cycle through each day. Program A is screened first on Mondays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, and Program B is screened first on Wednesdays, Fridays, and Sundays.
Below is a selection of works from this chapter.
KALUP LINZY (B. 1977), CONVERSATIONS WIT DE CHUREN V: AS DA ART WORLD MIGHT TURN, 2006
Encompassing performance, video, music, writing, and directing, Kalup Linzy’s art probes the socioeconomic structures of high and low culture with equal parts earnestness, resourcefulness, and wit. After studying at the University of South Florida and the Skowhegan School of Painting and Sculpture, in 2002 Linzy began producing Conversations Wit de Churen, an episodic video series that continued for over a decade. The work focuses on the emotional lives of a host of female characters, all played by the artist in drag. These narratives play with the rope of daytime television soap opera—with its melodrama, plot twists, and cliffhanger endings—and make reference to the long-running soap operas All My Children and As the World Turns. The story is set in the American South, and each character speaks with a distinct dialect in a voice-over that is slowed down or sped up to create masculine and feminine tones. The multiple layers of Linzy’s performance—histrionic acting, affected speech, blonde wigs, and tight dresses—result in direct commentaries on gender, race, sexuality, and class.
Conversations Wit de Churen V: As da Art World Might Turn follows a promising young painter, “Katonya” (played by Linzy), as she stages her first solo gallery exhibition. Made shortly after Linzy himself experienced his first art-world successes, the video parodies the rise, fall, and ultimate return of a hopeful emerging artist. Linzy’s subsequent videos and performance have investigated the structures of celebrity and pop culture and include collaborations with personas such as musician Michael Stipe and actor James Franco, among others.
Excerpted from Whitney Museum of American Art: Handbook of the Collection (2015), p. 233. Published by the Whitney Museum of American Art, New York; distributed by Yale University Press.
Artists
- Berenice Abbott
- Michele Abeles
- Vito Acconci
- Ansel Adams
- Robert Adams
- Carl Andre
- Kenneth Anger
- Eleanor Antin
- Diane Arbus
- Cory Arcangel
- David Armstrong
- Richard Artschwager
- Ruth Asawa
- Asco
- Charles Atlas
- Lutz Bacher
- Peggy Bacon
- Jo Baer
- Alex Bag
- Malcolm Bailey
- Lamar Baker
- John Baldessari
- Alvin Baltrop
- Lewis Baltz
- Matthew Barney
- Richmond Barthé
- Jean-Michel Basquiat
- Romare Bearden
- Cecil Beaton
- Robert Beavers
- Robert Bechtle
- Ericka Beckman
- Larry Bell
- George Bellows
- Lynda Benglis
- Thomas Hart Benton
- Wallace Berman
- Bernadette Corporation
- Judith Bernstein
- Huma Bhabha
- David Bienstock
- Henry Billings
- Ilse Bing
- Dara Birnbaum
- Nayland Blake
- Oscar Bluemner
- Peter Blume
- Lee Bontecou
- Jonathan Borofsky
- Louise Bourgeois
- Margaret Bourke-White
- Carol Bove
- Mark Bradford
- Stan Brakhage
- Robert Breer
- Patrick Henry Bruce
- Bernarda Bryson Shahn
- Charles Burchfield
- Jacob Burck
- Chris Burden
- Scott Burton
- Mary Ellen Bute
- Paul Cadmus
- John Cage
- Alexander Calder
- Cameron
- Luis Camnitzer
- Peter Campus
- James Castle
- Elizabeth Catlett
- Maurizio Cattelan
- Vija Celmins
- John Chamberlain
- Paul Chan
- Sarah Charlesworth
- Ayoka Chenzira
- Chryssa
- Larry Clark
- Chuck Close
- Sue Coe
- Anne Collier
- Bruce Conner
- Joseph Cornell
- Eldzier Cortor
- Miguel Covarrubias
- John Covert
- Ralston Crawford
- E.E. Cummings
- Imogen Cunningham
- John Currin
- John Steuart Curry
- Allan D'Arcangelo
- James Daugherty
- Emma Lu Davis
- Stuart Davis
- Roy DeCarava
- Jay DeFeo
- Willem de Kooning
- Walter De Maria
- Charles Demuth
- Maya Deren
- Jim Dine
- Mark di Suvero
- Arthur Dove
- Thomas Downing
- Elsie Driggs
- Guy Pène Du Bois
- Carroll Dunham
- Sam Durant
- Jimmie Durham
- Mabel Dwight
- William Eggleston
- Nicole Eisenman
- Wharton Esherick
- Walker Evans
- Kevin Jerome Everson
- Loretta Fahrenholz
- Andreas Feininger
- Lyonel Feininger
- Duncan Ferguson
- Rafael Ferrer
- Paul Fiene
- Morgan Fisher
- John B. Flannagan
- Hollis Frampton
- Robert Frank
- Andrea Fraser
- LaToya Ruby Frazier
- Hermine Freed
- Jared French
- Lee Friedlander
- Brian Frye
- Charles Gaines
- Anna Gaskell
- GCC
- Gerald K. Geerlings
- Hugo Gellert
- Sandra Gibson
- Luis Gispert
- William Glackens
- Milton Glaser
- Robert Gober
- Nan Goldin
- Wayne Gonzales
- Felix Gonzalez-Torres
- Boris Gorelick
- Arshile Gorky
- Dan Graham
- William Gropper
- Nancy Grossman
- George Grosz
- Louis Guglielmi
- Philip Guston
- Walter Gutman
- Wade Guyton
- Hans Haacke
- Peter Halley
- David Hammons
- Keith Haring
- Rachel Harrison
- Marsden Hartley
- David Hartt
- David Haxton
- Sharon Hayes
- Al Held
- Robert Henri
- Carmen Herrera
- Eva Hesse
- Lewis Hine
- Nancy Holt
- Jenny Holzer
- Edward Hopper
- Roni Horn
- Earl Horter
- Alex Hubbard
- Peter Hujar
- Victoria Hutson Huntley
- Richard Hunt
- Robert Indiana
- Abraham Jacobs
- Ulysses Jenkins
- Neil Jenney
- Candy Jernigan
- Jess
- Jasper Johns
- Rashid Johnson
- Ray Johnson
- William H. Johnson
- Joan Jonas
- Joe Jones
- Philip Mallory Jones
- Michael Joo
- Donald Judd
- Alex Katz
- On Kawara
- Mike Kelley
- Ellsworth Kelly
- Sister Corita Kent
- Rockwell Kent
- Karen Kilimnik
- William Klein
- Franz Kline
- Josh Kline
- Jeff Koons
- Lee Krasner
- Barbara Kruger
- Yasuo Kuniyoshi
- Yayoi Kusama
- Suzanne Lacy
- David Lamelas
- Dorothea Lange
- Liz Magic Laser
- Robert Laurent
- Louise Lawler
- Jacob Lawrence
- An-My Lê
- William Leavitt
- Zoe Leonard
- Alfred Leslie
- Howard Lester
- Sherrie Levine
- Herschel Levit
- Helen Levitt
- Sol LeWitt
- Roy Lichtenstein
- Glenn Ligon
- Kalup Linzy
- Alvin Loving
- Lee Lozano
- Louis Lozowick
- George Luks
- Helen Lundeberg
- Len Lye
- Danny Lyon
- Stanton Macdonald-Wright
- Tala Madani
- Sylvia Plimack Mangold
- Man Ray
- Robert Mapplethorpe
- Christian Marclay
- Brice Marden
- Marisol
- Kyra Markham
- Reginald Marsh
- Agnes Martin
- Fletcher Martin
- Gordon Matta-Clark
- Cynthia Maughan
- Keith Mayerson
- Paul McCarthy
- John McCracken
- Adam McEwen
- John McLaughlin
- Josephine Meckseper
- Jonas Mekas
- Ana Mendieta
- Sam Middleton
- Aleksandra Mir
- Joan Mitchell
- Toyo Miyatake
- Lisette Model
- Donald Moffett
- Abelardo Morell
- Robert Morris
- Mark Morrisroe
- Gerald Murphy
- Elizabeth Murray
- Julie Murray
- Reuben Nakian
- Bruce Nauman
- Alice Neel
- Louise Nevelson
- Barnett Newman
- Isamu Noguchi
- David Novros
- Jim Nutt
- Chiura Obata
- Georgia O'Keeffe
- Claes Oldenburg
- Catherine Opie
- José Clemente Orozco
- Raphael Montañez Ortiz
- Alfonso Ossorio
- Tony Oursler
- Bill Owens
- Akosua Adoma Owusu
- Nam June Paik
- Gordon Parks
- Agnes Pelton
- I. Rice Pereira
- Raymond Pettibon
- Elizabeth Peyton
- Paul Pfeiffer
- Howardena Pindell
- Adrian Piper
- Horace Pippin
- Lari Pittman
- Jackson Pollock
- Liliana Porter
- Richard Pousette-Dart
- Richard Prince
- Nancy Elizabeth Prophet
- Noah Purifoy
- R. H. Quaytman
- Walid Raad
- Yvonne Rainer
- Christina Ramberg
- Robert Rauschenberg
- Charles Ray
- Luis Recoder
- Jeffrey Reed
- Robert Reed
- Earl Reiback
- Ad Reinhardt
- Hans Richter
- Faith Ringgold
- Dorothea Rockburne
- James Rosenquist
- Martha Rosler
- Theodore Roszak
- Susan Rothenberg
- Mark Rothko
- Edward Ruscha
- Morgan Russell
- Betye Saar
- David Salle
- Lucas Samaras
- Jacolby Satterwhite
- Peter Saul
- Matt Saunders
- Morton Schamberg
- Carolee Schneemann
- Dana Schutz
- Dread Scott
- George Segal
- Richard Serra
- Ben Shahn
- Joel Shapiro
- Paul Sharits
- Charles Sheeler
- Cindy Sherman
- Roger Shimomura
- Everett Shinn
- Amy Sillman
- Laurie Simmons
- Taryn Simon
- Lorna Simpson
- John Sloan
- David Smith
- Jack Smith
- Kiki Smith
- Robert Smithson
- Tony Smith
- Keith Sonnier
- Edward Steichen
- Ralph Steiner
- Frank Stella
- Joseph Stella
- Harry Sternberg
- Hedda Sterne
- Florine Stettheimer
- May Stevens
- Alfred Stieglitz
- John Storrs
- Michelle Stuart
- Sturtevant
- Wayne Thiebaud
- Alma Thomas
- Rirkrit Tiravanija
- George Tooker
- Bill Traylor
- Ryan Trecartin
- Trisha Brown Dance Company
- Anne Truitt
- Wu Tsang
- Richard Tuttle
- Cy Twombly
- Stan VanDerBeek
- Kara Walker
- Kelley Walker
- Carl Walters
- Andy Warhol
- Max Weber
- Weegee
- William Wegman
- Lawrence Weiner
- Tom Wesselmann
- H.C. Westermann
- Charles White
- Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney
- Jack Whitten
- Hannah Wilke
- Christopher Williams
- Sue Williams
- Fred Wilson
- Garry Winogrand
- William Winter
- Karl Wirsum
- David Wojnarowicz
- Jordan Wolfson
- Martin Wong
- Grant Wood
- Francesca Woodman
- Hale Aspacio Woodruff
- Christopher Wool
- Andrew Wyeth
- William Zorach
Events
View all-
Founding Members Preview Weekend
Saturday, April 25, 2015
10:30 am–6 pm -
New Building Founding Members Opening Cocktail Reception
Saturday, April 25, 2015
7:30–10 pm -
New Building Member Preview Days
Monday, April 27, 2015
10:30 am–6 pm -
New Building VIP Member Viewing and Cocktail Reception
Wednesday, April 29, 2015
7–8 pm
Audio guides
99 Objects
Listen to selections from the in-gallery programs series named in honor of the Whitney’s new address, 99 Gansevoort Street. Artists, writers, Whitney curators and educators, and an interdisciplinary group of scholars focus on individual works of art from the Museum’s collection on view in America Is Hard to See.
America Is Hard to See
Hear directly from artists and curators on selected works from the exhibition.
View guide
Explore works from this exhibition
in the Whitney's collection
View 646 works
In the News
“2015 was the Year of the Whitney…the cross-disciplinary approach taken by America Is Hard to See and Collected by Thea Westreich Wagner and Ethan Wagner, is becoming the model for a new generation of curators.”
—Hyperallergic
“2015 belonged to the Whitney…both my museum—and my show—of the year.”
—Adrian Searle in The Guardian
"Best of 2015: Our Top 20 NYC Art Shows"
—Hyperallergic
"The museum’s inaugural show in its new building, America Is Hard to See, tells a different story of modern and contemporary American art than the lily-white version we’re used to"
—The New Yorker
Interview: Curator Scott Rothkopf speaks about America Is Hard to See on Slate's Culture Gabfest
—Slate
"New Whitney Museum Signifies a Changing New York Art Scene"
—The New York Times
"With its abundantly sumptuous holdings, the museum tells us how we got where we are, offering a teeming lineage of the art of this country"
—Hyperallergic
"The Whitney Opens With a Winner"
—Artnews
"Review: New Whitney Museum’s First Show, America Is Hard to See"
—The New York Times
"Curators at the Whitney Museum of American Art discuss their largest exhibition to date at their new downtown location, designed by architect Renzo Piano"
—The Wall Street Journal
"The exhibition will include plenty of crowd-pleasers—Hopper, O’Keeffe, Calder’s “Circus”—but, with the Whitney’s brilliant chief curator, Donna De Salvo, at the helm, expect major twists in the conventional art-historical plot."
—The New Yorker
"The Whitney Museum, Soon to Open Its New Home, Searches for American Identity"
—The New York Times
"One of this year's most anticipated art world events"
—Huffington Post