{"data":{"id":"3785","type":"artist","attributes":{"id":3785,"topgoose_id":2072,"tms_id":3785,"display_name":"Dan Graham","sort_name":"Graham Dan","display_date":"1942–2022","begin_date":"1942","end_date":"2022","biography":"\u003cp\u003eIn his sculptural “pavilions” made of\ntwo-way mirrors, closed-circuit video\nsystems, and performances, Dan Graham\nendeavors to break down the barrier\nbetween artist and audience. Graham came\nto art first as a critic; then, in 1964, as the\ncofounder of a short-lived New York\ngallery that presented some of the most\nimportant artists of the day; and, in 1965,\nas a conceptual artist, staging works\ndirectly in the glossy pages of magazines.\n\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFrom the beginning, Graham’s\nwork pointedly deflected emphasis away\nfrom the traditional, static art object\nand toward spectators’ self-conscious,\nactive perception. In 1966 he devised \u003ca href=\"/collection/works/35185\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eProject\nfor Slide Projector\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/a\u003e, his first exploration\nof the properties of transparency, reflection,\nand three-dimensional space; its use\nof plate-glass surfaces anticipates\nhis architectural pavilions by more than a\ndecade. Moving a camera clockwise around\nthe sides of a small glass box, Graham\nphotographed all four faces, with the focus\nof each shot moving progressively from\nthe exterior surface to the center.\nGraham then placed a smaller glass box\nwithin the first and repeated the process\nfive times, each time adding a successively\nsmaller box. The carousel projects\neighty slides in forward and reverse\nsequence and then repeats them again.\nAs Graham wrote: “The sculpture is the\nphotographic residue, and effect of\nprojected light. What is seen must be read\nin terms of the conventions of still\nphotography: two-dimensional objects\nwhich appear at once solid and also\nas transparent, and which function\nsimultaneously in two entirely different\nplanes of reference (two-dimensional\nand three-dimensional).”\u003c/p\u003e","on_view":false,"artport":false,"biennial":true,"collection":true,"ulan_id":"500115596","wikidata_id":"Q698436","created_at":"2017-08-30T16:59:15.000-04:00","updated_at":"2026-04-12T07:04:05.145-04:00","links":{"artworks":"/api/artists/3785/artworks","exhibitions":"/api/artists/3785/exhibitions"}}}}