Jacob Lawrence: Exploring Stories

Introduction Task Process Resources Evaluation Reflection

In 1940-41 artist Jacob Lawrence created a sixty-panel narrative of The Migration of the Negro (The Migration Series) based on research as well as the experience of his family, and the memories of people in his community. This story of migration in pictures and words shows the struggle and strength of African Americans who, between 1900 and the 1930s moved from the American South to the industrial cities of the North and Midwest in search of a better life.

MIGRATION
Moving from one country, region, or place to settle in another.

IMMIGRATION
Moving from one's native land to a country in order to settle there.

NEGRO
African-Americans used to be identified as negroes. Negro is an old fashioned term used to refer to people of African descent, living in the Americas and the Caribbean.

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In this webquest you will:

Look at how Jacob Lawrence documented the Great Migration.

Read, discuss and explore stories of migration and immigration.

Trace your own or your family's history of migration or immigration.

Interview an adult who has migrated or immigrated to the United States.

Use your interview notes to create a pictorial narrative.

Back to the Beginning

During the World War there was a great migration North by Southern Negroes.

The Migration of the Negro, panel 1, 1940-41
Casein tempera on hardboard
18 x 12 in. (45.7 x 30.5 cm)
The Phillips Collection, Washington, D.C.
© Gwendolyn Knight Lawrence, courtesy of the Jacob and Gwendolyn Lawrence Foundation

Look at Jacob Lawrence's painting, panel #1 from The Migration Series. Move your mouse over the painting and find questions to discuss with your classmates.

Read the information about Jacob Lawrence's painting, panel #1 from The Migration Series.

(a) You are getting ready to migrate or immigrate. Write an account of your move from one place or country to another. Or (b) Interview an adult in your family or community who has immigrated to this country, or migrated from one place to another in the United States.

Explore the web resources below to find out how others have told their stories of migration or immigration.

Use the questions below for your own narrative, or use them for your interview. Invent your own questions too. Take notes.

Questions to consider for your interview:

Where were you born?
Where did you grow up?
How long have you lived here?
Where do you think of as home?

Have you ever moved from one place to another? From where to where? One place? More than one place? Another country? A different state or city? A different part of the state or city?
Why did your family choose to move here?

What were your family's concerns about migrating or immigrating?
What were your concerns?
What were your family's expectations about migrating or immigrating?
What were your expectations?

Why did you leave the place where you were?
What were you thinking about as you were getting ready to move?
How did you feel when you left?
What did you bring with you?
What did you leave behind?

What do you remember about when you first came here?
What challenges did you face?
How did you overcome these challenges?
What has changed in your life since you moved here? How has it changed?
In what ways have you changed since you moved here?

If you can, find photographs of yourself or the person you interviewed, or make drawings to illustrate your story.

Create your pictorial narrative on paper or as a presentation on the computer using PowerPoint, KidPix, or HyperStudio software.

View and discuss your migration or immigration narratives with the class.

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Jamie Gilson, Hello, My Name is Scrambled Eggs, New York: Lothrop, Lee & Shepard, 1985

Bette Bao Lord, In the Year of the Boar and Jackie Robinson, New York: Harper and Row, 1984

Walter Dean Myers, The Great Migration: An American Story with Paintings by Jacob Lawrence, New York: HarperCollins, 1993

Clare Pastore, Aniela Kaminski's Story: A Voyage from Poland During World War II (Journey to America), Berkley Publishing Group, 2001

Clare Pastore, Chantrea Conway's Voyage from Cambodia in 1975 (Journey to America), Berkley Publishing Group, 2001

Clare Pastore, Fiona McGilray's Story: A Voyage from Ireland in 1849 (Journey to America, 1), Berkley Publishing Group, 2001

Maxine Rosenberg, Making a New Home in America, New York: Morrow, 1986

MIGRATION

Seven letters from the Northern newspaper, the Chicago Defender, expressing the desire of Southern African Americans to migrate North.

http://www.historymatters.gmu.edu/text/541b-letters.html

Letters of the Great Migration.

http://www.people.Memphis.edu/~kenichls/WA4Letters.htm

Links, articles, images that address many aspects of the Great Migration.

http://www.northbysouth.org/1998/

Documents the movement of African Americans from the Mississippi Delta to Chicago, with related subjects.

http://www.northbysouth.org/1999/index.htm

IMMIGRATION

Teen Story about Immigration.

http://www.pbs.org/inthemix/shows/show_teen_immigrants5.html

Personal stories of immigration.

http://www.pbs.org/kcet/newamericans/3.0/personalstories.html

Written by Cuban immigrants.

http://www.streamnologies.com/cc-peter-pan.htm

A brief background about immigration in America.

http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/ndlpedu/features/immig/immig.html

Discover immigrant life in America while playing the role of a historian detective.

http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/ndlpedu/activity/port/html/disklp8.html

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You will be evaluated on the pictorial narrative that you create based on an interview with an adult who has migrated or immigrated to the United States. Your teacher may also choose to create rubrics for evaluation.

Class Discussion Evaluation: Refer back to the questions listed in the Process section. Whether your pictorial essay is about yourself or someone else, does it address and include information about all the questions listed? Did you develop your own questions as well? Does it include factual information, as well as personal information such as thoughts, feelings and emotions about the migration or immigration?

How were the challenges faced, overcome, and how has the person changed since the move? What kinds of images did you use to accompany your essay? Are the photographs or drawings relevant to the message that you communicate?

Is your essay well written and does it show evidence of creativity and originality?

If you created a multimedia media presentation that uses sound, how does the sound affect and enhance the essay? How might different music (if applicable) convey a different meaning?

Learning Standards Addressed

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Compare your migration or immigration narrative with the stories that you found on the web. What is similar? What is different?

With your teacher, research the history of migration and immigration in your neighborhood, city, or community. Use your local library and websites. Invite a local historian to your class. Conduct interviews with people who have migrated or immigrated to the area. Report what you discover by making a book, video, or computer presentation.

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